Regulators: California Fell Far Short Of Water-Saving Target

The State Water Resources Control Board received the update as it considers sweeping mandatory emergency regulations to protect water supplies in the parched state.

Brown has argued that the voluntary targets in place since early 2014 were insufficient and that Californians needed a jolt to take conservation seriously.

A survey of local water departments released at the start of the two-day meeting shows water use fell less than 4 percent in March compared with the same month in 2013. Overall savings have been only about 9 percent since last summer, even though Brown set a voluntary 20 percent target.

The water board on Tuesday began considering new regulations to step it up. The rules would bar cities from using drinking-quality water on street median grass and encourage homeowners to let lawns go brown to meet local mandatory water reduction targets.

Those conservation targets are among the most contentious provisions of the proposed rules. The board plans to order each city to cut water use by as much as 36 percent compared to 2013, the year before the governor declared a drought emergency, and has rejected calls to create easier targets for communities in drier areas or for cities that have been conserving since before the drought.

Some local water departments call the proposal unrealistic and unfair. They say achieving steep cuts could cause declining property values, restrictions on filling pools and washing cars and higher water bills.

An economic analysis of the water board's proposal commissioned by the board estimated that private water utilities and local water departments would lose a total of about $1 billion in revenue through lost water sales if they meet the board's targets. They will eventually charge higher rates to make up the revenue, the report said.

The board sees lush lawns and verdant landscapes as first on the chopping block to meet conservation targets, but some are fighting their depiction as villains in the drought.

Keith Harbeck, of the California Pool and Spa Association, told the board Tuesday that it is destructive to turn industries into symbols of water waste, including almond growers, water bottlers and golf courses.

"Finger pointing has been particularly painful because folks pick whatever is symbolic," said Felicia Marcus, chairwoman of the board. "It's a collective issue that we must all rise to."

The board also has begun tracking enforcement of water rules, although fewer than three-quarters of water agencies reported the data for March. Statewide, agencies reported sending at least 8,762 warnings for water waste and issuing 682 penalties.

Most communities reported sending fewer than 20 warnings for violating water rules in March, but a few were aggressive. The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power issued 1,364 warnings, while Fresno issued 1,221.

Sacramento, Fresno, Madera, Tulare and the Montecito Water District in Santa Barbara County were the only agencies that reported penalizing more than 20 customers in March, mostly through fines.

Board officials say they expect to start seeing water savings as soon as June and are willing to add restrictions and penalties for agencies that lag. Brown last week said he would push for legislation authorizing fines of up to $10,000 for extreme water wasters. Another tool, tiered pricing in which the price rises as water use goes up, is in question after a court struck down water rates designed to encourage conservation in the Orange County city of San Juan Capistrano.

The regulations before the board would also ban new California homes and buildings from watering lawns unless they meet new efficiency standards. With public comments, a vote on the rules might not come until Wednesday.

The board has already adopted other water restrictions: Californians cannot water lawns two days after rainfall, wash cars with hoses that don't shut off or hose down pavement, hotels must offer guests a chance to reuse sheets and towels and restaurants can only serve water upon request.

With less water going around, trees are also now finding themselves in danger. In Claremont, the threat is very clear, as the city's famed collection of trees falls into jeopardy.

"The winter was so warm, so they never really went dormant," arborist Paul Cranmer said. "So they're coming out of their dormancy now, what is supposed to be their dormancy, and it's hot and we don't have enough water, so they're struggling right now."

Cranmer urges the installation of a drip-irrigation system around the trees.